The right to health in Rawls and Daniels

Abstract

This article aims to understand the theories of justice proposed by John Rawls and Norman Daniels. In order to present these theories, the article will primarily focus on their relationship with the right to health in the context of financial scarcity in the Brazilian Health System (SUS). Distributive justice in public health becomes a challenge when resources are limited, so it is necessary the establishment of criteria for financial allocation. Rawls' theory, grounded in the principle of justice as fairness, seeks to ensure equal opportunities and protect the least advantaged. Daniels' approach, based on the principle of health equity, considers the need to address priority demands based on individual needs. Both authors provide relevant contributions to address the ethical dilemmas involved by proposing principles aimed at guaranteeing fair and equal access to healthcare services. Understanding the nuances of these philosophical approaches can help in reflecting on how to promote more justice in public health.