Biomaterials applications in orthopaedics

Authors

  • Luciano Brito Rodrigues Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4013/ete.2013.92.02

Abstract

Biomaterial is a term used to indicate the materials that constitute parts of medical implants, extracorporeal devices and disposables that are used in medicine, surgery, dentistry and veterinary medicine, in all aspects related to health care. More specifically, biomaterials are more related to medical devices, especially those that are temporarily or permanently implanted in the human body. These materials differ from others in that they contain a combination of mechanical, chemical, physical and biological properties which makes their use in the human body possible. Advances in Health, Engineering and other fields of science, driven mainly by rising expectations and the quality of life, have enabled the development of techniques that seek to restore all or some of the functions of the organ or tissue of the person who suffered some form of mutilation or was affected by a disease. This paper presents the applications of biomaterials in the orthopedic area. It will discuss the concepts of biomaterials, as well as those related to the scope of this paper. Then the groups of the most widely used materials in medicine will be presented, and the main types of materials used in orthopedics will be defined with their applications. Finally, the latest advances and perspectives for the use of biomaterials in orthopedics will be presented.

Key words: biomaterials, orthopedics, bioengineering.

Author Biography

Luciano Brito Rodrigues, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB

Possui graduação (1998) e mestrado (2001) em Engenharia Mecânica pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba e doutorado (2008) em Engenharia Mecânica pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, com período sanduíche no Instituto Superior Técnico de Lisboa, Portugal. É professor Adjunto da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, onde atua nos cursos de graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos e Engenharia Ambiental, sendo ainda docente permanente dos Programas de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos e em Ciências Ambientais. Tem experiência e atua nas áreas de Gestão Ambiental, Ergonomia e Segurança no Trabalho, Biomecânica, Reologia e Textura de Alimentos e Inovação Tecnológica. É líder do Grupo de Estudos em Materiais e Meio Ambiente (GEM2A) e Coordenador do Laboratório de Ensaios de Materiais (LabEM). Atualmente é coordenador do Núcleo de Inovação Tecnológica da UESB (NIT/UESB).

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Published

2013-10-04

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2013): jul-dec

Section

Article

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